美国空军装备全寿命保障工作分析与思考

装备保障是装备有效发挥战斗力的基础，研究如何开展全寿命周期的保障工作具有重要的现实意义。本文系统梳理了美军装备全寿命周期保障工作，区分论证、研制、服役和退役四个阶段，分析了各阶段的工作内容和特点，并结合我军装备保障现状和存在的问题，从装备全寿命周期角度，提出了相应的对策建议，为推动和促进我军装备全寿命保障工作提供了理论支持。     

Land use and cover change (LUCC) impacts on Earth’s eco-environments: Research progress and prospects

Land use and cover change (LUCC) is one of the key variables dominating land–atmosphere interactions and strongly affects the Earth’s eco-environments by altering surface properties. Numerous studies have been carried out to assess the impact of LUCC. However, the Earth is a large, open and complex system characterized by complex interactions between its eco-environments and drivers. This study aimed to summarize previous studies of the impact of LUCC on the Earth’s eco-environments and discuss the progress and limitations in suggesting future directions. Previous studies have confirmed that LUCC has a wide range of impacts on the Earth’s eco-environments, which are represented by the alternation of climate (temperature, precipitation, wind, and humidity), hydrology (soil moisture, runoff, and evapotranspiration), ecology and environmental (air, water, and soil) pollution. Physically, the impacts were mainly attributed to the disturbance of the surface radiation budget and matter conservation caused by LUCC. Although great achievements have been made, several challenges remain because of the unavoidable uncertainties in data sources and methodologies and the complexity of eco-environmental evolution. Therefore, data assimilation, physical-based investigations, contribution isolation, and full-process analysis are required to overcome these challenges in future research. The results of this study helped to capture the impact of LUCC and its physical mechanisms, which provide useful clues for future research and support the relative land use management for sustainable development.     

基于ABAQUS二次开发变角度层合板屈曲特性分析

基于ABAQUS二次开发,探究周期函数曲线纤维路径变角度复合材料层合板的屈曲特性。首先,以正弦曲线为基本参考路径为例,得到纤维角度的变化规律;然后,利用Python编写变角度复合材料层合板的有限元分析前处理程序,开发出ABAQUS交互式界面;最后,利用本文开发的GUI插件,对经典定角度和变角度层合板进行屈曲分析。结果表明,变角度层合板的屈曲载荷有很大提高,并且随着幅值参数A和周期参数T逐渐增大,一阶线性屈曲均是呈先增大后减小的趋势,因此基于铺层稳定性,参数应控制在相应的范围。采用Python对ABAQUS进行二次开发,从而实现变角度层合板的自动建模和计算分析,为实际工程研究提供了研究思路和流程,有一定的实践意义。